Text-book of modern carpentry; comprising a treatise on building-timber, with rules and tables for calculating its strength, and the strains to which each timber of a structure is by Silloway Thomas William 1828-1910

Author:Silloway, Thomas William, 1828-1910
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Carpentry, Timber
Publisher: Boston, Crosby, Nichols and Company
Published: 1858-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

that the surface has a sag, or downward curve. In furring such ceilings, a rise of an inch in twenty feet will obviate the difficulty. While the carpenter is cautious in cambering beams for either of the purposes named, or any of like nature, he should remember that there will be a settlement from the shrinkage of the timbers, till each part has found a solid bearing. Hence the rods should be kept tightened; and, when the work is completed, the centre of the beam should be slightly curved upwards, that the tendency named may be counteracted.

PRINCIPAL RAFTERS are the large inclined timbers which support the purlins: they should be of the same thickness as the tie-beam, and about four-fifths as deep. To a beam seven by ten inches, the rafter would be seven by eight inches. In some examples of framing, as that shown on Plate XL, Fig. 1, one rafter is placed above another; in which case, both should be of the same size, having pieces of oak-board, an inch and five-eighths thick and four inches wide, let into each rafter five-eighths of an inch, leaving the rafters three-eighths of an inch apart for the passage of air between them: the pieces should be perfectly dry, and tightly driven into the grooves. The timbers should be bolted together with bolts five-eighths of an inch in diameter.

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